Liturgy in Collegeville: From the Archives – Part VIII

Pray Tell is running a series on the liturgical history of Collegeville. The sub-series “From the Archives” reprints some of the Liturgy Committee meeting minutes from 1963 to 1969. This sub-series is a behind-the-scenes look at liturgy in Collegeville during and immediately after the Second Vatican Council.

 

The next record from the Liturgy Committee:

Minutes of the Liturgy Committee

October 17, 1963

Present were Fathers John, Daniel, Michael, Gerard, Aelred, Camillus, Wenceslaus, Fr. Adam, and Bro. Gerard.

This meeting was particularly lively, centering around a discussion of what form of Mass was to be televised on November 24. As to the form of a Solemn High Mass, Father Daniel wondered if we were being insincere by deviating from our plan of having a solemnized Low Mass on this Sunday for the benefit of our students and if we weren’t staging something of a show instead. Father Aelred thought that a Solemn High Mass stresses secondary elements such as incense too much; he proposed having a missa cantata. Father Wenceslaus objected on the grounds that if we as an Abbey were committed to the liturgical movement—a notion held by many people, including dignitaries such as Cardinal McIntyre, as Xavier Rynne’s book brings out—then we were certainly committed to a concern so essential to the liturgical movement as the restoration of the vernacular. Hence he favored having a solemnized Low Mass. Some members of the committee expressed the fear that some people viewing a televised solemnized Low Mass would be confused or disappointed at not having a Solemn High Mass. Father Daniel replied that this would be a wonderful occasion to carry out our apostolate to the liturgical movement by suggesting to Father Abbot that he preach on why we are having a solemnized Low Mass, the basic reason being that it allows our students greater participation in the Mass.

To Father Michael, as well as to other members of the committee, the very idea of televising a Mass presented real difficulty. In televising the Mass, the producers would be presenting a symbol without reality—the reality being only at St. John’s. Further, doesn’t the televising of Mass in some way profanate the Mass by allowing the program to be brought into bars, cafes, etc. There have been cases reported of nuns genuflecting to the TV set as they cross the street, of a priest genuflecting to a Mass program on TV on his way to the altar where the reality itself will be made present, of an atheist cursing at a televised Mass.

In the voting, one member voted for a missa cantata, with the others voting for a solemnized Low Mass, with the chairman abstaining. Fathers Michael and Wenceslaus stated once more that we are for the sung Mass as a higher form of participation in theory; but we are not for it at the present time because it is not yet in the vernacular.

The committee decided that on some Sunday such as Nov. 10 the oratio fidelium should be prayed while the priest sits down, to bring out its proper character; then afterwards we could have some offertory hymn. Further points decided by the committee were that the novices should not be made to follow statio in coming out of their choir stalls to receive communion; further, that when the Brothers begin to attend Mass there be song at the opening and closing of Mass in English, since the Mass is a celebration, and that the redesigns be in English. Father Gerard is to supervise the song. Another suggestion of the committee was that on Sundays the procession should be short, from the sacristy to the altar, so that the prayers at the foot of the altar be somewhat downgraded, in corresponding to their character as a private preparation for Mass on the part of the celebrant.

Another suggestion was that the revised standard edition of the Bible be used at table for the Old Testament readings, since our Bishop has already approved of its use for certain publication of the Lit. Press, and since this will help the movement towards a common version of the Bible, one of the important steps in the ecumenical movement.

Editor

Katharine E. Harmon, Ph.D., edits the blog, Pray Tell: Worship, Wit & Wisdom.

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Comments

10 responses to “Liturgy in Collegeville: From the Archives – Part VIII”

  1. I find these notes endlessly fascinating.

    1) So at least in the minds of the monks the vernacular was tied to Low Mass. Why would this be the case? I’m guessing it was because of the propers, but surely these could have been sung in English to a psalm tone.

    2) The debate about television is interesting as an early example of qualms about “virtual” liturgy. The worry about the Mass being profane by being broadcast into bars shows how much things have changed (or so it seems to me).

    3) I would love to get my hand on a copy of the broadcast of the “solemnized low Mass” (though perhaps it wasn’t recorded). I am intrigued by this category of Mass. If this was the general attitude after the Council — that one was adding things like songs and a homily to a vernacular Low Mass rather than trying to have a simplified vernacular High Mass — this helps make sense of how post-Conciliar liturgy developed.

    1. Todd Orbitz

      @Fritz Bauerschmidt – comment #1:
      Fritz:

      If you are interested in the course this was taking, I would suggest getting a set of the Annual Liturgical Week Publications from the 1940’s through the late 60s. I have a complete set. Endlessly fascinating.

    2. Joshua Vas

      @Fritz Bauerschmidt – comment #1:

      I might be mistaken, but I think for most of the Anglophone developed world, the use of the vernacular was allowed for Low Mass within the norms of De Musica Sacra (i.e. no further indults were given as in mission countries, or some European nations, for use of the vernacular during any type of sung Mass). While the vernacular could be superimposed (by the commentator and people) over the Low Mass (within the norms allowed), this was not allowed for the sung Mass. The exceptions, as I said, were usually in mission countries, and for places with a long history (such as the German ‘deutsches hochamt’ where the vernacular was used at High Mass).

      I’m interested to see what turn the liturgies in the monastery took after 1964 and Inter Oecumenici, and how this solemnized low Mass pattern they were observing was modified (if at all).

    3. @Fritz Bauerschmidt – comment #1:
      Fritz,

      It is interesting that in 1963 – the same year these minutes of the St. John’s Liturgy Committee were written – Karl Rahner expressed a quite forceful opinion that televised Masses were a bad idea. He argues that a televised Mass violates metaphysical modesty: “Such a transmission offends against the commandment that our most intimate personal acts, and that which is holy, are to be made accessible to another only in the measure to which he is able and willing to participate in them with a personal response.”

      His second point is that a televised liturgy violates the discipline arcane – the discipline of the secret, citing St. Thomas’s insistence that unbaptized persons should not see the Mass, since this would erode the critical sense of mystery. Rahner sums up his position: “The Church, who thinks in centuries and is not easy to outlive, does not need the television camera so as to let an unbelieving world stare dully at the performance of her loftiest mystery until such time as as this sensation, too, shall have become just another bore.”

    4. Anthony Ruff, OSB Avatar
      Anthony Ruff, OSB

      @Fritz Bauerschmidt – comment #1:
      Fritz – I think that’s exactly right, they were starting from Low Mass (to which you add songs) rather than High Mass (which could be done in vernacular as a fully sung liturgy). The monks abandoned Sunday High Mass in the late 50s and opted for Low Mass so that the people could recite at least some of the responses and sing vernacular hymns. A church music journal wrote an editorial titled “Murder in the Abbey.”

      The liturgical movement had come to believe that High Mass was too high, and had put its hopes on the Low Mass, long before Vatican II. This realization (whether you agree with it or not) had arrived sooner in Europe than in the US.

      Some people now point to a few statements in Sacrosanctum Concilium to argue that the church’s ideal is clearly a sung liturgy. But I think the history shows that the people most involved in the whole scene were starting from a different place, long before Vatican II, and this informed their understanding of what Vatican II meant.

      awr

      1. @Anthony Ruff, OSB – comment #9:
        Very interesting; I presumed that the conventual Mass had remained a High Mass until the Council. So, given that Low Mass had become the norm, I guess a “Solemnized Low Mass” was at least moving in the right direction.

  2. Ed Nash

    If one watches the ABC coverage of Pope Paul VI’s visit to St Patrick’s in NYC, there is a little confusion as to who might get the Papal blessing and it counted if one was in the Cathedral but did it count if you were watching but not …any way it probably caused some question as to who got the blessing? The theological dimensions are huge and what happens with video tape… I sincerely appreciate these minutes and wondered how the earliest times of televised religious activity challenged the whole idea of presence and attendance.

    http://abcnews.go.com/Archives/video/oct-1965-papal-visit-america-11108465

  3. Brian Palmer

    “The Church, who thinks in centuries and is not easy to outlive, does not need the television camera so as to let an unbelieving world stare dully at the performance of her loftiest mystery until such time as as this sensation, too, shall have become just another bore.”

    He has a point. Daily Mass from Hanstville AL stuck between corset adds and soaps illustrates this very well.

    Interesting to see Fr. Aelred assign “secondary status” to Masses with incense. Incense was to be permitted in all NO Masses after 1969 wasn’t it? With charcoal braziers to become a standard feature in many churches.

    Relegating incense to the level of a mere liturgical appendage would be offensive to many eastern Christians then as it is today, not to mention to Roman rite Catholics.

  4. Matthew J. Meloche

    We have a televised Mass every Sunday at the Cathedral of Phoenix. I get the impression that many non-Catholics watch it regularly. In fact a few weeks ago our rector, when announcing a Holy Hour we would be having for the black mass in Oklahoma to be canceled, specifically spoke to non-Catholics who were watching on television – asking them to join us. I wish I could get demographics on the folks watching the televised Mass – it would be most intriguing.

    As far as these minutes – wow. The debate between Solemn High Mass, Missa Cantata and solemnized Low Mass are truly intriguing. I so wish I could be present at these meetings to see all of the details being discussed – this is just a very bare skeleton, I think, of the true story.

    Again, thank you for posting these.

    And Todd from comment #2 – do you think the publisher of these might be talked into allowing them to be scanned and put on the internet? If so, I would be willing to pay for the cost of scanning them.

  5. Todd Orbitz

    Matthew J. Meloche : And Todd from comment #2 – do you think the publisher of these might be talked into allowing them to be scanned and put on the internet? If so, I would be willing to pay for the cost of scanning them.

    Honestly, I am not sure on that.

    I have 29 editions (and I have to correct myself, I believe I lack two of them, the 29th and 30th) from 1940-1967. The Copyright on the early ones was The Benedictine Liturgical Conference, and by 1950, it was simply The Liturgical Conference.

    They are the compendium of the papers presented at the annual North American Liturgical Week.

    Quite excellent set of books.

    This is starting point for some cheap copies:

    http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?sts=t&tn=%22Liturgical+Week%22

    Mine were an old library set that were hardbound.

    If they could be put up on the web, it would be really something.


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